Guidelines
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Increase bubble radius when BubbleView viewing time is short

For short-time crowdsourced importance measurement, use a larger bubble radius on dense static visuals to improve fidelity and mitigate undersampling caused by tiny focal windows in remote BubbleView studies.

  • purpose:refine
  • basis:empirical
  • time:time-interval
  • density:dense
  • quality:fidelity
  • lever:interaction-access

advice

Bubble radius for short sessions

Increase bubble radius when each image is shown only briefly. For example, on dense webpage-like images viewed for about 10 seconds, use a roughly 50-70 pixel bubble instead of a 30 pixel bubble so each click reveals enough context to sample the page.

reason

Why a larger bubble helps under time pressure

A short timer limits how many clicks a viewer can make. If each click reveals too little, participants spend their time on mechanical exploration instead of reaching the most informative regions.

Mechanism: A larger bubble exposes more content per click. That reduces the number of clicks needed to cover dense layouts before the timer ends.

Evidence: On webpage images, BubbleView with 10 seconds of viewing performed worse with a 30-pixel bubble than with 50- or 70-pixel bubbles, and the paper reports that larger bubbles compensate when less time is available (Kim et al., 2017).

context

Use when the timer is tight

  • User Goal: Approximate where viewers would look on a dense static visual.
  • Task: Run a timed free-viewing BubbleView study.
  • Data: Dense page-like layouts with many potential targets.
  • Chart Setting: Blurred image with a fixed short viewing interval per image.
  • Success Criterion: Participants can expose the important regions before time expires.

exceptions

Do not use when viewers already have longer time

Break it when: The viewing interval is substantially longer, such as the 30-second condition tested in the paper. Why: Very large bubbles then expose too much at once and reduce selectivity, which lowered performance relative to smaller bubbles.

costs

Tradeoffs of increasing bubble radius

Sacrifice: You give up some spatial precision in the resulting importance map. Risk: A bubble that is too large can blur together nearby targets and reduce selectivity. Mitigation: Increase the bubble only enough to match the available time, or extend the time instead.

mistakes

Common failure mode with bubble size

Mistake: Keeping a very small bubble in a short timed session. Why it fails: Participants spend their limited time opening adjacent small regions instead of reaching the important parts of the image.

check

How to check whether the bubble is too small

Failure Sign: Participant traces show many adjacent clicks and key regions remain unopened when the timer ends. Quick Check: Inspect a few participant sessions and see whether they are still doing local exploration at timeout. Stronger Test: Pilot two bubble sizes and keep the one that yields a more stable hotspot map within the same short interval.

fix

What to change if it is not working

  • Increase the bubble radius by one step and rerun a pilot.
  • Keep the blur constant while adjusting the bubble so you isolate the time-radius tradeoff.
  • If the bubble cannot grow without losing precision, lengthen the viewing interval.
  • Recheck whether important regions are reached before the timer ends.

References

Kim, N. W., Bylinskii, Z., Borkin, M. A., Gajos, K. Z., Oliva, A., Durand, F., & Pfister, H. (2017). BubbleView: An Interface for Crowdsourcing Image Importance Maps and Tracking Visual Attention. ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction, 24(5), 1–40. https://doi.org/10.1145/3131275