Guidelines
Suggest edit

Use an area chart when time intervals between dates are irregular

For showing shares over ordered time, use an area chart instead of a stacked column chart on irregularly spaced dates to improve fidelity and mitigate incorrect spacing of time points for readers interpreting elapsed time.

  • purpose:select
  • basis:heuristic
  • time:ordered-time
  • chart:area:use
  • chart:bar:avoid
  • quality:fidelity:use
  • lever:chart-family
  • data:temporal

advice

Keep a continuous time axis

Use an area chart instead of a stacked column chart when the gaps between dates are not equal. For example, keep the data on a continuous time axis when some date gaps span a few years and others span decades.

reason

Why the area chart is more faithful here

Irregular date gaps need a continuous scale to show elapsed time correctly. Equal-width columns do not preserve those unequal intervals.

Mechanism: The area chart can place dates at their true positions on a continuous axis, so readers see the real spacing between time points.

Evidence: The source gives unequal year intervals as a reason to use an area chart instead of a stacked column chart, because area charts have continuous scales that show dates in the right intervals while column charts do not (Muth, 2018).

context

Use when date spacing matters

  • User Goal: Show shares over time while preserving the true spacing between dates.
  • Task: Read change across uneven time intervals.
  • Data: Temporal values with irregular gaps between dates.
  • Chart Setting: A stacked column chart is being considered for a short time series with uneven spacing.
  • Audience: Readers who should interpret elapsed time correctly.
  • Success Criterion: The chart shows unequal intervals at unequal distances.

exceptions

Do not use when dates are few and evenly spaced

Break it when: The dates are few and evenly spaced. Why: A stacked column chart can then improve labeling and value reading.

costs

What you give up

Sacrifice: You give up some of the labeling ease of stacked columns. Risk: With only a few evenly spaced dates, the area chart can be harder to read than a stacked column chart. Mitigation: Switch to stacked columns when spacing is even and label readability is the bigger need.

mistakes

Common failure mode

Mistake: Using equal-width stacked columns for dates that are not equally spaced. Why it fails: The chart suggests equal time gaps where the data do not have them.

check

How to test the choice

Failure Sign: The draft column chart gives the same visual width to unequal date gaps. Quick Check: Compare the column chart with an area chart on a continuous axis; if the spacing changes, keep the area chart. Stronger Test: Inspect the actual date intervals before choosing the chart type.

fix

What to change

  • Move the data to an area chart with a continuous time axis.
  • Position dates according to their actual intervals.
  • Avoid equal-width stacked columns when the time gaps are unequal.

References

Muth, L. C. (2018). What to consider when creating area charts. https://www.datawrapper.de/blog/area-charts